Kev txiav txim siab Table 1 ntawm EN 15129: 2018: Tebchaws EuropeAnti-Seismic DeviceKev faib tawm
TS EN 15129: 2018, Tebchaws Europe tus qauv coj los tiv thaiv - cov khoom siv seismic, koom ua ke kev coj ua hauv kev tsim, tsim khoom, thiab kev sim. Ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus dagTable 1 (nqe 23), lub npe "Anti-seismic li uas them los ntawm European Standard"-ib "kev faib cov qauv" uas npaj cov kev tiv thaiv seismic technologies los ntawm kev ua haujlwm, ua ke txhua hom nrog cov qauv duab, cov lus piav qhia, thiab cov qauv sib txuas. Rau cov kws tsim khoom, cov chaw tsim khoom, thiab cov ntawv pov thawj, cov lus no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev thov EN 15129: 2018 kom raug thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qauv.
I. Table 1's Core Structure
Table 1 tsis yog ib daim ntawv teev npe yooj yim tab sis cov txheej txheem hierarchical tsim nyob ib puag nciglub hom phiaj ua haujlwm, nrog peb yam tseem ceeb:
Peb Pawg Loj: Nws faib cov khoom siv rau hauvSeismic Isolators (Iolate av motion),Cov cuab yeej hloov chaw( tswj cov lus teb / dissipate zog), thiabRigid Connection Devices (RCDs)(constrain/protect structures)-ua raws li cov cuab yeej siv thaum muaj av qeeg.
Plaub -Dimensional Details: Txhua qhov nkag suav nrog:
Graphic Sawv cev: Standardized schematics rau tsim drawings (xws li, nkhaus kab rau zawv zawg cais).
Ntaus Ntaus: Cov lus piav qhia luv luv txuas mus rau EN 15129: 2018 Clause 3.1 (cov ntsiab lus zoo li "non-linear device").
Cov qauv tsim nyog: Siv rau EN 15129 clauses lossis EN 1337 (cov qauv bearings), zam kev tsis sib haum xeeb.
Cov Lus Cim Tshwj Xeeb: Cov ntsiab lus (piv txwv li, "symbols for single/multi-curved sliders").
Hla -Txoj Kev Txuas Txuas: Nws txuas rau EN 1337 (piv txwv li, tiaj tus sliders siv EN 1337-1: 2000), ua kom cov cuab yeej ua ke nrog cov qauv tsim qauv.
II. Ntaus Ntaus Ntaus Ntaus hauv Table 1
1. Seismic Isolators: Av qeeg cais
Isolators txuas ntxiv cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim los txo seismic quab yuam hloov. Table 1 qhia txog ob hom sib txawv thiab implicitly muaj xws li elastomeric variants:
Flat Surface Sliders: Siv PTFE-xov hlau zawv zawg kom pab txoj kab rov tav, nrog tsawg heevzog dissipationntawm kev sib txhuam. Tsim nyog rau qis - mus rau - thaj chaw nruab nrab seismic (piv txwv li, txoj kev loj choj), lawv ua raws EN 1337-1: 2000.
Curved Surface Sliders (CSS):Leverage pendulum teebmeem rau kev sib cais thiab tus kheej -qhov nruab nrab (tsis muaj cov khoom siv rov pib dua ntxiv). Siv nyob rau hauv siab- thaj chaw seismic-xws li, Qaib Cov Txwv lub Bosphorus Choj thib peb (1,408m ncua) siv CSS rau kev tsheb ciav hlau- sib cais.
Kev cuam tshuamElastomeric Isolators: Roj Hmab Bearings(LRBs, roj hmab-cov txheej steel nrog cov hlau lead rau lub zog dissipation) tau npog, raws li pom hauv Mexico's Puebla Txoj Kev Loj Viaduct (nrog rau 2017 M7.1 av qeeg).
2. Cov cuab yeej hloov chaw: Cov kev cai teb
Cov cuab yeej no optimize seismic teb yam tsis muaj ntsug load- bearing:
Linear Devices (LDs): Nyob ze -linear load-txoj kev hloov chaw, tsis muaj qhov seem seem. Tswj me me vibrations (cua/me me quakes) nyob rau hauv siab -nce, ib nqe lus 3.1.30.
Tsis yog -Linear Devices (NLDs): Hysteretic energy dissipation (damping ratio >15% or stiffness difference >20%, Clause 3.1.32). Xws li hardening (nruj nce) thiab softening (stiffness txo) hom-xws li, rotational friction dampers rau steel ncej retrofits.
Kev nrawm- Cov khoom siv nyob ntawm: Cov kua dej viscous dampers (FVDs, ceev-tsuas yog nyob ntawm) thiab Fluid Spring Dampers (FSDs, ceev + hloov chaw nyob ntawm) siv cov dej ntws los ua kom lub zog tawg. CE daim ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum tau xeem dynamic rau EN 15129.
Cov khoom siv txuas mus ib ntus (TCDs): Detachable, qhib rau seismic restraint tab sis muaj qeeb qeeb -load tshuaj tiv thaiv. Siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho / retrofits, feem ntau nrog Shock-Transmission Units (STUs).
3. Rigid Connection Devices (RCDs): Kev Tiv Thaiv
RCDs txwv kev txav thiab tiv thaiv overloading:
1), Fuse Restraints:
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Mechanical (MFRs): Siv cov hlau tsis muaj zog rau "fuse" (tso kev txav mus los) tshaj qhov pib-qis- nqi rau cov qauv me me.
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Hydraulic (HFRs): Fast, meej nyem- valve tswj rau cov qauv loj (ntev- txuas txuas).
2).Permanent Connection Devices (PCDs): Ib leeg / ob npaug - kev taw qhia kab rov tav kev txwv (tsis muaj dabtsi yog khoov / ntsug load hloov), raws li EN 1337-8: 2007.
III. Engineering tus nqi ntawm Table 1
Standardized Graphics: Unified schematics (piv txwv li, CSS cim) zam kev kos duab tsis raug - tseem ceeb rau kev hla - ciam teb tej yaam num xws li Jakarta's Light Rail (4,280 LRBs ntsia kom raug).
Kev taw qhia txog lub neej: Cov kev taw qhia tsim (qib xaiv), kev sim (xws li, CSS zoo li qub / dynamic xeem ib prEN 15129-6), thiab ntawv pov thawj (LRBs xav tau kev xeem tag nrho rau CE cim).
Innovation Flexibility: Cov khoom siv tawm tshiab (piv txwv li, polymer plug bearings) haum rau hauv pawg uas twb muaj lawm (seismic isolators) thaum ntsib EN 15129.
Kev Ua Lag Luam Kev Ua Lag Luam: daws teeb meem ua ntej xyoo 2018 hauv cheeb tsam kev faib tawm qhov tsis sib xws, ua kom muaj kev sib kis dawb ntawm cov khoom siv (xws li, German cais tawm=Italian cais tawm hauv cov ntsiab lus).
Xaus:
Table 1 ntawm EN 15129: 2018 yog cov teb chaws Europeanti- khoom siv seismic"classification foundations." Los ntawm kev sib txuas ua haujlwm, cov duab kos, thiab cov qauv, nws yooj yim xaiv thiab ua kom zoo sib xws. Ua pov thawj hauv cov haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb, nws tseem muaj cov qauv rau kev sib koom ua ke thoob ntiaj teb - ntxiv dag zog rau cov qauv seismic kev nyab xeeb.
